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Saudi Arabia, commonly referred to as KSA, is one of the largest countries on the Arabian Peninsula. Famous for its abundant oil resources, Saudi Arabia not only boasts the world's largest oil reserves but also holds the title for the highest oil production globally, making it one of the wealthiest nations on Earth.

The geographical landscape of Saudi Arabia mainly consists of desert regions, with most areas lacking perennial rivers and lakes, including the vast Nefud Desert in the north and the Rub' al Khali Desert in the south. Due to the vastness and aridity of the deserts, Saudi Arabia is often referred to as the "Desert Kingdom." The climate in Saudi Arabia is not entirely hot and arid but experiences distinct seasonal changes. From chilly breezes in January to scorching desert heat in August, the climate varies across different regions of Saudi Arabia. Spring sees the most rainfall, summers are dry and hot, autumns are cool and pleasant, and winters are dry and cold.

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Arabic is the official language of Saudi Arabia and is predominantly used in the daily lives, commercial transactions, and other affairs of the Saudi people. Additionally, English is widely used in everyday life and business communication in Saudi Arabia.

The Saudi economy is predominantly oil-based, with the petroleum industry serving as its primary economic pillar. The national currency of Saudi Arabia is the Saudi Riyal, with banknotes available in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 500 Riyals. Currency exchange services are provided by banks across the country, and exchange facilities can also be conveniently found at airports, shopping malls, and other locations.

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Saudi Arabia is not only endowed with rich natural landscapes but also boasts many historically significant cultural heritage sites and religious landmarks. The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque in Medina are pilgrimage sites for Muslims worldwide, attracting Muslim pilgrims from around the globe every year. The Madain Saleh archaeological site is one of Saudi Arabia's most renowned archaeological complexes, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Additionally, historical landmarks such as the Floating Mosque and the Masmak Fortress in Saudi Arabia attract numerous tourists for sightseeing.

The social customs and cultural traditions of Saudi Arabia are deeply influenced by Islam. During the month of Ramadan, the atmosphere across the entire country becomes serene and spiritual, with people becoming more focused on religious beliefs and prayers. The Muslim pilgrimage sites of Mecca and Medina are among Saudi Arabia's most famous tourist attractions, drawing global Muslims to experience this significant religious ritual.